Female sex adds 1 point. However, female sex alone (score of 1) is not considered a net stroke risk factor by most guidelines.
Age 65-74 contributes 1 point; age 75 or older contributes 2 points (the "A" and "A2" in the acronym).
History of congestive heart failure, or moderate-to-severe left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction <= 40%).
Resting blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg on at least two occasions, or current antihypertensive treatment.
Fasting glucose above 125 mg/dL (7 mmol/L) or treatment with oral hypoglycaemics or insulin.
Prior ischaemic stroke, transient ischaemic attack, or systemic thromboembolism. This carries 2 points ("S2") because a previous event is the single strongest predictor of future stroke.
Prior myocardial infarction, peripheral artery disease, or aortic plaque confirmed on imaging.