RMS Voltage Calculator

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The shape of the AC waveform. Sine is standard mains power; square/triangle/sawtooth appear in signal generators and switching converters; rectified waves arise after diode circuits.
Vp is the maximum voltage from zero. Vpp is measured from the negative peak to the positive peak (typically 2 x Vp for symmetric waves). Vavg is the mean of the rectified waveform.
Enter the known voltage value. For example, standard 120 V mains power has a peak voltage of about 170 V and an RMS of 120 V.
V
A constant DC component added to the AC waveform. Most signals have zero offset. When non-zero, the total RMS is sqrt(Vrms_AC^2 + V0^2).
V
RMS Voltage
120.2082V

Root mean square voltage, the DC-equivalent heating value

Peak Voltage (Vp)170V
Peak-to-Peak (Vpp)340V
Average Voltage (Vavg)108.2254V
Form Factor1.1107
Crest Factor1.4142
Peak (Vp)170
RMS120.2082
Average (Vavg)108.2254

RMS voltage is 120.2082 V

  • Your Sine wave has an RMS voltage of 120.2082 V, which is the equivalent DC voltage that would deliver the same heating power to a resistive load.
  • The crest factor is 1.414, meaning the peak is 1.414 times the RMS value. A pure sine wave has a crest factor of 1.414.
  • The form factor is 1.111 (Vrms divided by the average rectified voltage). For a sine wave this is pi/(2*sqrt(2)), approximately 1.111.

Next stepUse the RMS voltage with Ohm's Law (P = Vrms^2 / R) to find the average power dissipated in a resistive load. For reactive loads, also account for the power factor.

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