Thermal Energy Calculator (Q = mcΔT)

Your details

Choose which variable to calculate; the rest become inputs.
Select a material to auto-fill specific heat, or choose Custom.
Specific heat capacity of the material. Auto-filled from the preset; edit freely.
J/(kg·K)
The thermal energy to supply or remove.
Mass of the substance being heated or cooled.
The rise or fall in temperature. Positive = heating, negative = cooling.
Thermal energy (Q)
418,200

Energy transferred to or from the substance

Energy display unitJ
Mass (m)1
Specific heat (c)4,182
Temperature change (ΔT)100
Thermal energy in kJ418.2
Thermal energy in kcal99.9522
Thermal energy in BTU396.3756
kJ418.2
kcal99.9522
BTU396.3756

418200.000 J of thermal energy

  • To heat 1.00 kg of Water by 100.0°C, you need 418200.0000 J.
  • That is 418.200 kJ, 99.952 kcal, or 396.376 BTU.
  • Water’s high specific heat (4182 J/kg·K) is why oceans moderate coastal climates and why water is a common coolant in engines.

Next stepFor phase changes (melting or boiling), use a latent heat calculator: Q = mL replaces Q = mcΔT when no temperature change occurs.

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