Longest side of one tile. Larger tiles need a deeper trowel notch.
Notch depth determines how much mortar is applied. Choose "Auto" to let the calculator pick the right notch for your tile size.
Tiles 15" or larger should also have thinset spread on the tile back (back-buttering) to reach the TCNA-required 95% coverage. Adds roughly 50% more thinset.