The population variance (σ²) is 4, standard deviation 2.
Variance averages the squared distances of each value from the mean. Squaring amplifies outliers, so a single extreme point can dominate the result.
Dividing by N gives the exact variance for this complete population, with no correction needed.
The standard deviation (2) is the square root of the variance, returning spread to the same units as the original data. The coefficient of variation is 40%, which compares spread to the mean on a scale-free basis.
The mean is 5 and the median is 4.5. A gap between them suggests skew in the distribution.
Next stepCheck the deviation table below to see exactly which values pull the variance up most.