Voltage Regulation Calculator

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Voltage method: measure no-load and full-load terminal voltages. Impedance method: use transformer winding resistance, reactance, and power factor to estimate regulation without a load test.
Secondary terminal voltage of the transformer or output voltage of the source when no load is connected.
V
Secondary terminal voltage measured at rated (full) load. Should be less than or equal to Vnl for a resistive or inductive load.
V
Voltage regulation (step-down)Good regulation
5%

(Vnl - Vfl) / Vnl x 100 - the most common convention

Voltage regulation (step-up)5.26%
Absolute voltage drop12V
5% %
Capacitive boost<0Excellent0-2Good2-5Acceptable5-10Poor10-20Very poor20+

Voltage regulation is 5.00%.

  • Regulation below 5% is good for most industrial and commercial applications. Sensitive equipment such as PLCs and medical devices typically needs under 3%.
  • The terminal voltage drops by 12.000 V from no-load to full-load.
  • Ideal voltage regulation is 0% - the terminal voltage would be identical at no-load and full-load. In practice, all real sources have some internal impedance.

Next stepTo verify this result, measure terminal voltage with a calibrated true-RMS voltmeter both with no load connected and at rated full load.

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